Satellite Image Labeling

Encord Computer Vision Glossary

Satellite image labeling refers to the process of annotating satellite imagery to identify and classify features, objects, and land types captured from Earth’s surface. This is a critical step in building machine learning models for geospatial analysis, environmental monitoring, urban planning, and defense applications.

Using advanced annotation platforms or data labeling tools, analysts label key elements in satellite images such as roads, buildings, vegetation, water bodies, and agricultural fields. These labels help train computer vision models to recognize patterns in geospatial data.

Satellite image labeling typically involves:

  • Bounding boxes to mark objects like vehicles or buildings
  • Polygon annotations for precise land area delineation
  • Semantic segmentation for pixel-level classification
  • Temporal labeling for detecting changes over time

This type of labeling is particularly useful for land use classification, disaster response, infrastructure mapping, and resource management. High-resolution satellite data from providers like Planet, Maxar, and Sentinel is commonly used.

Given the volume and complexity of satellite imagery, AI-assisted labeling and automated pre-annotation models are increasingly used to accelerate the labeling process while maintaining high accuracy.

Benefits of satellite image labeling:

  • Enable geospatial AI development
  • Support environmental sustainability goals
  • Improve situational awareness for defense and disaster response
  • Enhance decision-making in agriculture, forestry, and mining

Accurate satellite image labeling is foundational for training robust geospatial machine learning models and extracting actionable insights from overhead imagery.

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